Celebrated annually on the 8th of March, International Women’s Day (IWD) is an opportunity to recognise the women in our lives - whether they’re a friend, family member, colleague or figure of inspiration - for their achievements. 

In celebration of the people working at mydentist and our patients who identify as women, we’re publishing a series of blogs throughout the month of March that explore topics relevant to dentistry. These blogs will aim to celebrate the achievements of women at mydentist who are contributing their expertise to addressing oral health concerns across the UK and provide advice on maintaining your oral health through key stages of life, such as childhood, pregnancy and menopause.  

We’re starting our series with oral health guidance for those who are pregnant or are considering having a child, with guidance from the British Society of Periodontology (BSP) and the European Federation of Periodontology (EDP), and advice from Dr Nyree Whitley, Chief Clinical Officer at mydentist. 

What is it important for pregnant women to receive proper dental care? 

During pregnancy, increases in your hormonal levels can affect the way your body reacts to dental plaque. This can lead to swollen, sore or bleeding gums, commonly referred to as gingivitis, or to the more serious form of gum disease known as periodontitis. Although gingivitis in pregnant people is not usually severe, with lasting damage to the to the bone, soft tissue and gum surrounding and supporting a tooth being rare, it’s vital you look after your oral health during pregnancy. 

“Hormone changes attributed to events such as pregnancy can lead to gingivitis, a common gum infection. It’s perfectly treatable if found early, but if it is left untreated, then gingivitis can lead to periodontal disease, which can cause further complications such as tooth loss.” Nyree commented, when asked about the adverse effects of hormonal fluctuations on our dental health.  

Furthermore, studies have shown that there is a connection between periodontal diseases and potential complications during pregnancy, with evidence suggesting that pregnant women with poor gum health may have a greater risk of suffering from conditions like pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes and more.  

The BSP and the EDP do advise that there isn’t enough evidence to fully substantiate these claims, however, they do still encourage pregnant people to maintain a good oral health routine and visit their dentist if they experience any signs or symptoms of adverse oral health during their pregnancy.  

Recognising the signs of gum disease 

During pregnancy, changes like swollen or bleeding gums are common, but they should not be ignored. Other symptoms to watch for include: 

• Pain when chewing 
• Bad breath 
• Receding gums  
• Loose teeth  

If any of these arise, it is important to visit your dental professional as soon as possible for treatment. 

When is the best time for a pregnant woman to receive periodontal treatment? 

The BSP and EDP advise that even if you’re not presenting with any signs or symptoms of a dental condition, you should still seek a consultation with your dentist, dental therapist or dental hygienist as soon as possible so you can take appropriate preventive measures to preserve your oral health. During your appointment, you can ask about the appropriate plaque removal measures and tools you should use during your pregnancy to maintain your teeth. 

Safe treatment options 

If you are diagnosed with gingivitis or periodontitis, it's important not worry. Treatment for gum disease is generally safe during pregnancy and with treatment; gum disease can be managed effectively.  

The risks of delaying treatment for gum disease while you are pregnant far outweigh any potential issues caused by the treatment itself. However, treatments like deep scaling (cleaning below the gum line) are usually best avoided in the first trimester. However, it can be safely performed during the second trimester. 

Dental X-rays and anaesthesia 

For pregnant women, dental X-rays and local anaesthesia are generally safe and do not pose any additional risks to either the mother or baby. However, it is always a good idea to inform your dentist about your pregnancy so they are aware of your condition and can tailor your treatment. 

Painkillers and antibiotics 

Common painkillers and antibiotics used during periodontal treatments are typically safe for pregnant women. However, certain medications, like tetracyclines and metronidazole, should be avoided. Inform your clinician if you are pregnant so they can ensure you are receiving the best care possible.  

What to do if you're concerned about your dental health as a pregnant woman 

When asked about the best approach to dental care for pregnant women, Nyree commented: “Regular check-ups and a proactive approach to oral hygiene can help prevent minor issues from becoming major health concerns.”  

If you have concerns about your dental health and you are pregnant, we recommend contacting your practice to ask for advice or arrange an appointment with your dentist. You may want to consider this if you notice any changes in your gums, teeth or even lips.  

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